| ︽ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠷᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷᠴᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡ ᠮᠠᠷᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ︾ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠦᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷᠴᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ᠂ 4 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 2 ᠤᠨ | ᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠱᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ | ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠸᠧ ᠰᠦᠩ ᠨᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ | ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠣᠨᠣᠰᠴᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷᠴᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ︾ ᠪᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ · | ᠬᠠᠩᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | | | | | ᠲᠤᠰ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠸᠧ ᠰᠦᠩ ᠨᠢᠶᠠᠨ ︵ | 1905 — 1927︶ ᠤ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠸᠧ ᠱᠧᠦ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ᠃ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠦᠢᠰᠦ᠋ᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠦᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ | ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠩᠭᠤᠶ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠪᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠴᠡᠯᠳᠦᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠦᠯ ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ︾ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ︾ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠶ᠃ | 1927 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠸᠧ ᠰᠦᠩ ᠨᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠂ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠴᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠸᠧ ᠰᠦᠩ ᠨᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠦᠬᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠣᠬᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠠᠮᠰᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠦᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ | ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ 22 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | | | | | ᠨᠥᠭᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠸᠧ ᠰᠦᠩ ᠨᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠬᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠦᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠯᠬᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠧᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ︔ | ︽ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠳ ᠥᠬᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠬᠤ︾ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠧᠨ ᠢ | ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠲᠤ | ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠳᠣᠬᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠷᠬᠡᠭ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨ | ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠡᠯᠬᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | | | | | | ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠄ ︽ᠠᠮᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠯᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠦᠢ ᠴᠢᠤᠸᠠᠨ︾ ᠸᠢᠴᠠᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ | | |